The Solomon Islands represent part of the drowned outermost crustal
fold of the ancient Australian continent. New Caledonia lies on an inner fold,
nearer the mainland. The main islands in the Solomon Islands are volcanic in origin
and the mountains are covered by dense forests. The northern islands have a tropical
marine climate but the south is cooler.
The coastal plains are used for subsistence farming. While coconut products and cocoa are exported, forestry and fishing are the main industries, accounting for four-fifths of the exports.
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